20xx年职称英语考试试题及答案_综合类测试题_阅读理解
第4部分：阅读理解（第31 ~ 45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
Husband and Wife by Arrangement
Some Japanese still get married by parents' arrangement. Yoshio and Hiromi Tanaka, a young Japanese couple living in the United States, told the story of their arranged marriage. "We didn't marry for love in the Western sense. We got married in the traditional Japanese way. Our parents arranged our marriage through a matchmaker（媒人）. In Japan we believe that marriage is something affecting the whole family rather than a matter concerning only the young couple. So we think it is very important to match people according to their social background, education and so on. When our parents thought it was time for us to get married, they went to a local matchmaker and asked her for some suggestions. We discussed the details and looked at the photos she sent, and then our parents asked her to arrange a 'marriage interview' for the two of us."
A Japanese marriage interview is held in a public place, such as a hotel or a restaurant, and is attended by the boy and the girl, their parents and the matchmaker. Information about the couple and their families is exchanged over a cup of tea or a meal. Then the boy and the girl are left alone for a short time to get to know each other. When they return home they have to tell the matchmaker whether they want to meet again or not.
Yoshio continued, "When our parents realized we were serious about each other, they started to make arrangements for our wedding. My family paid the marriage money to Hiromi's. This is money to help pay for the wedding ceremony and for setting up the house afterwards. We also gave her family a beautiful ornament（装饰品）to put in the best room of their house, so everyone knew that Hiromi was going to marry."
31. The Japanese think of the marriage of a young couple as ________
A. a sign showing the love between them.
B. an opportunity for their parents to show their love for their children.
C. a private affair for the boy and the girl.
D. an important matter having influence on the whole family.
32. In arranging a marriage in Japan, the matchmaker plays all the following roles EXCEPT ________
A. making arrangements for the wedding.
B. providing the information the families need.
C. arranging the "marriage interview".
D. attending the "marriage interview".
33. According to the passage, the best time to make arrangement for the wedding is ________
A. when the young couple agree to meet again.
B. when the young couple are sincere about their relation.
C. when the parents think it is time for their children go get married.
D. when the parents are well-informed about each other's family.
34. In the traditional Japanese way of marriage, the marriage money given by the boy's family is used for ________
A. the matchmaker's pay.
B. the "marriage interview".
C. the wedding ceremony and the new house.
D. the girl's wedding clothes.
35. According to the passage, what plays the most important role in the matching of young people in Japan? ________
A. Their parents' attitude.
B. Their family background.
C. Their occupation.
D. Their love for each other.
第二篇
What Is Shyness
People often talk as if shyness is a disease or mental condition that can be cured. I prefer to think of it as an emotional disability. It's something we are born with and something we carry with us in our entire lives. There are too many people, however, who seem to be determined to find some way of doing away with their shyness. In my opinion, It's a waste of time. I don't mean that we should do nothing about it; quite the contrary, I think we need to separate the basic fact of our shyness from our ability to function in a social environment.
Look at one of the most famous shy people of them all, Johnny Carson. This man is painfully shy, yet for decades he made a living talking and associating with different people every night, in front of a national audience. Carson has never done away with his shyness, but he had successfully found a way to deal with it to that extent that he could be, not just a talk show host, but a legend among talk show hosts. Look also at Sally Fields, who has recently admitted her problem with shyness. This is a woman who has appeared in many films, TV shows, interviews yet in her early years she was so shy that she turned down a lunch invitation from Jane Fonda because she was terribly afraid of meeting her.
I guess that our shyness is there because each of us is born with some insecurity and this insecurity prevents us from reaching out to others the way people with a more open personality（个性）do. As we grow up and become adults, we have allowed our social skills to grow and develop. But we are still stuck in kindergarten（幼儿园）or elementary school or wherever it was that our shyness first took root in our psyches（心灵）.
36. In the author's view, shyness can be defined as ________
A. a disease that can be easily cured.
B. a not very normal mental condition.
C. an emotional disability.
D. something we pick up after birth.
37. In the eyes of the author, it's a waste of time to ________
A. look for ways of doing away with one's shyness.
B. develop a healthy personality.
C. talk with as many people as possible.
D. study where shyness comes from.
38. Which of the following is true of Johnny Carson? ________
A. He dared to speak in front of a national audience.
B. He has done away with his shyness successfully.
C. He failed to become a good talk show host.
D. He was described as a hero in some legend books.
39. The passage tells us that Sally Fields was ________
A. proud all the time.
B. impolite when young.
C. shy in her early years.
D. close to Jane Fonda.
40. The author thinks that our shyness is there because ________
A. we are not open enough.
B. we do not feel secure at heart.
C. we try to reach out to others all the time.
D. we lack certain social skills.
第三篇
Ocean Noise Pollution
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels（分贝）measured in water are different from those measured on land which cause pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of 195 would have the same effect as 120 decibels on land.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of 120 decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼）.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed（出血）and become infected（感染）.
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