把握英语作文的细节提升作文等级

一、段落和文章的调整
（一）通过合句，凭借逻辑关系把意义相关的句子连接起来，或通过紧缩，去掉多余重复的成分，避免松散无力，冗长累赘，以增强句子的连贯性，从而达到精炼语言的效果。
1) Playing football makes us grow up tall and strong. Playing football gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit .
Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit .
（二）注意使用不同结构，不同长度的句子，适当调整段落的句型，使各种句型穿插使用，令句型多样化。
There is a new classroom building in one side of the road. There used to be a playground on the other side before . But there is a library now. there are all kinds of books , newpapers and magazines in the library. There is a new playground in front of the school .There are a lit of trees in and d around the school.
On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side , where the playground used to be, now stands another new building---our library , in which you can find all kinds of books, newpapers and magazines. The playground is now in front of the school .We have also planted a lot of trees in and round the school.
（三）衔接词是连接句与句，或段与段的桥梁。有效使用衔接词，可以使整篇书面表达顺畅自然，严密紧凑，这样的作文自然会被阅卷老师放在较高的分档内。
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about
whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.
Opinions are divided on the question. 60% of the students are
against the idea of entrance fees. They believe a public park should
be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy
themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people
away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and
walls , which will do harm to the appearance of a city.
On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged
because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to
buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however , fees should be
charged low.
二、词语表达方式的变化
（一）在书面表达中，要注意使用一些词组，习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采，丰富语句表达力。
1) English is useful in the future.
English is of great use in the future.
2) The old man was hit by the car when he was crossing the street.
The old man was knocked down by the car when he was crossing the street.
3) People live happily here.
People lead a happy life.
（二）尽量避免过多重复使用某一单词，必要时应选择其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。
1) In 1950, the percentage of world population living in cities was 30%.From 1950 until the midterm of 1990s’ , the percentage increased to 40% . By 2010 , the projected percentage will have increased to 60% or so.
In 1950, the percentage of world population living in cities was 30%. From 1950 until the midterm of 1990s’ , it increased to 40% . By 2010 , the projected percentage will have been up /risen/ gone up to 60% or so.
2) I like reading while my brother likes watching TV.
I like reading while my brother enjoys watching TV.
三. 句型的变化
（一）在掌握写作的基本句型之后，我们应该学会把这些基本句型加以扩展，以便写出各种生动丰富的句子。扩充句子的方法有很多，如加上一些修饰语、同位语、状语和各种从句等。
1) They lived in a small room.
They lived in a small poorly built room shared by the whole family.
2) Mr. Smith will speak at the meeting .
Mr. Smith , chairman of the committee, will speak at the meeting .
3) He was knocked down by the running bus.
Stepping carelessly of the pavement ,he was knocked down by the running bus.
4) She said to me “ Happy birthday!”
She said to me with a smile on her face “ Happy birthday!”
5) I don’t believe it.
No matter what you said, I don’t believe it.
（二）适当运用主从复合句和并列句代替简单句，能使书面表达行文更加流畅有力。
1) He hoped to win the prize.
He had the hope that he could win the prize./ His hope was that he could win the prize.
2) It’s necessary for people to have a rest and enjoy themselves.
People need a place where they can rest and enjoyed themselves.
3) With your permission I’ll go away.
(三)改变句子的开头方式，打破常规，用一些倒装句、强调句或感叹句，可以为文义的表达增添一点新意。
1) Although he is a child, he has to practise playing piano from Monday to Saturday.
Child as he is , he has to practise playing piano from Monday to Saturday.
2) I didn’t realize my mistake until you pointed out.
Not until you pointed it out did I realize my mistakes.
It was not until you pointed it out that I realize my mistakes.
3) We are glad to see such great changes in out school life.
How glad we are to see such great changes in out school life.